Core Genetics & Mechanisms

Open Reading Frame (ORF)

A continuous stretch of DNA or RNA sequence that can be translated into a protein. It begins with a start codon (typically AUG in mRNA) and ends with a stop codon (UAA, UAG, or UGA). ORFs represent the protein-coding potential of a gene.

Knockin & ORF Replacement Mice

Replacing or modifying an ORF in mice?

Custom ORF replacement, humanization, and reporter knockin. ES cell or CRISPR.

Request a Quote Browse Knockin Catalog

26+ years building mouse models2,500+ projects delivered100% germline guarantee

Overview

An open reading frame (ORF) is a continuous stretch of DNA or RNA sequence that can be translated into a protein. It begins with a start codon (typically AUG in mRNA) and ends with a stop codon (UAA, UAG, or UGA). ORFs represent the protein-coding potential of a gene and define the framework through which genetic information is converted into functional polypeptides.

Frequently Asked Questions

Why is maintaining the ORF important in gene targeting?

In mouse model design, precise definition of the ORF is vital when constructing knock-in, reporter, or humanized alleles. Maintaining ORF integrity ensures proper translation and prevents frameshift mutations.

Related Services

Knockin Mouse Models cDNA Knockin

Related Terms

Frameshift Mutation

A genetic alteration caused by the insertion or deletion of nucleotides that shifts the reading frame of a gene's coding sequence. This shift changes the downstream amino acid sequence and often introduces premature stop codons, resulting in truncated or nonfunctional proteins.

Knockin (KI) Mouse Models

A genetically engineered mouse in which a specific DNA sequence—such as a gene, cDNA, mutation, reporter, or human ortholog—is inserted into a defined genomic locus to add or modify gene function.

Targeting Vector (Homology Arms)

A synthetic DNA construct designed to introduce specific genetic modifications into a genome through homologous recombination or HDR. It contains sequences known as homology arms that align precisely with the genomic target locus.

More in Core Genetics & Mechanisms

Point Mutation Missense and Nonsense Mutations Frameshift Mutation Gain-of-Function vs. Loss-of-Function Mutations Allele / Genotype / Phenotype

Off-Target Assessment / Allele Integrity View All Terms Point Mutation

Need Help with Your Mouse Model Project?

Our scientific consultants can help you understand the best approach for your research goals.

Request a Quote Contact Us