Cd274 Conditional Knockout mouse — liver specific context
Cd274 encodes PD-L1 (B7-H1), the mouse ortholog of human CD274, a type I membrane protein with IgV and IgC2 domains whose IgV face engages PD-1 (Pdcd1) to recruit SHP-2 to the PD-1 ITSM, dephosphorylating CD28 and proximal TCR components and thereby raising the activation threshold of effector T cells. Surface abundance is controlled transcriptionally by IFN-gamma through JAK and STAT1 to IRF1, by MYC and NF-kappaB, by structural variants of the 3 prime untranslated region, and post-translationally by CMTM6 mediated recycling versus glycosylation-dependent degradation; PD-L1 also binds CD80 in cis and exists in exosomal and soluble forms. Nulls are viable but show exaggerated T cell responses and autoimmune susceptibility. Because atezolizumab and durvalumab do not cross-react, epitope-matched humanization is the decisive allele for checkpoint pharmacology and biomarker work, whereas conditional deletion with tumor cell, dendritic cell, or endothelial Cre resolves which compartment enforces suppression.
Cd274 conditional knockout mice carry a floxed allele so you delete function only where Cre is active. The germline allele stays intact until you cross to a tissue specific Cre. Labs reach for this design when a global knockout is lethal, when they need adult onset loss, or when regional redundancy hides a whole body phenotype. For liver work, plan Cre specificity, reporter crosses, and baseline phenotyping before you scale.
Catalog options
Conditional knockout focuses the experiment on liver while the rest of the animal keeps a wild type allele. That pattern mirrors somatic mutation in patients and avoids systemic compensation that can erase subtle phenotypes. It is often preferred when a germline null is lethal, weak, or confounded by developmental rescue.
| Model | Type | Category | Availability | Catalog # | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cd274-Flox | Conditional Knockout | KO/CKO mice | live | CKO 200298 | Inquire |
Designing a Cd274 Conditional Knockout allele
The unresolved question this allele answers is which cell enforces suppression, since tumor cells, dendritic cells, macrophages and endothelium all display the ligand and bone marrow chimeras cannot separate them cleanly. Flox the exon encoding the IgV domain so any residual product cannot engage PD-1. Itgax-Cre addresses conventional dendritic cells but also removes ligand from alveolar macrophages and a fraction of T cells, and Lyz2-Cre is notoriously incomplete in tissue resident macrophages, so quantify deletion by flow cytometry on each sorted population rather than trusting the driver. Cdh5-CreERT2 isolates the endothelial barrier contribution to lymphocyte entry. One confound deserves attention: PD-L1 binds CD80 in cis on the same antigen presenting cell, so deleting it liberates CD80 for CD28 and can increase costimulation independent of PD-1. Measure CD80 availability, CD8 infiltration, interferon gamma responses, and tumor growth in parallel.
Pricing and quotes
The Cd274 Conditional Knockout lines listed above are catalog models. Send us the catalog number and our team confirms current availability, pricing, and whether the line ships cryopreserved or live.
If your study needs a Cd274 allele configuration that is not listed above, our scientific team designs and generates it. Model generation quotes return in about twenty four hours with milestones for genotyping, QC, and dispatch.
FAQ
What Cd274 Conditional Knockout mouse models are available?
When Cd274 Conditional Knockout lines are in catalog, we ship from inventory. If your configuration is not listed, we design the allele to order. Common paths include conditional knockout, constitutive knockout, humanized, knockin, and transgenic options, with documented germline transmission and United States QC.
Is Cd274 knockout embryonic lethal in mice?
It depends on background and allele design. Some Cd274 germline knockouts are viable. Others need conditional alleles or mixed backgrounds. We review publications and our own experience, then recommend floxed versus null before you commit.
Which Cre driver is best for liver specific focused experiments?
Driver choice depends on onset timing, recombination efficiency, and known leak. We map your organ and cell type to a short list of proven Cre lines, then talk through reporter crosses and controls. Your note points to liver specific, so we start driver selection there.
Do you ship live Cd274 animals?
When catalog lines are live, we ship with health certificates and QC documentation. If your exact combo is not listed, we quote a generation project with cryo or live dispatch depending on cohort timing and geography.
How do I request a quote for Cd274?
Use the catalog inquire buttons or the request quote form. Include your allele goal, Cre plan if any, strain background, and cohort size. A PhD led team responds with pricing, milestones, and the fastest path to experimental animals.