Cd274 Knockout mouse models
Cd274 encodes PD-L1 (B7-H1), the mouse ortholog of human CD274, a type I membrane protein with IgV and IgC2 domains whose IgV face engages PD-1 (Pdcd1) to recruit SHP-2 to the PD-1 ITSM, dephosphorylating CD28 and proximal TCR components and thereby raising the activation threshold of effector T cells. Surface abundance is controlled transcriptionally by IFN-gamma through JAK and STAT1 to IRF1, by MYC and NF-kappaB, by structural variants of the 3 prime untranslated region, and post-translationally by CMTM6 mediated recycling versus glycosylation-dependent degradation; PD-L1 also binds CD80 in cis and exists in exosomal and soluble forms. Nulls are viable but show exaggerated T cell responses and autoimmune susceptibility. Because atezolizumab and durvalumab do not cross-react, epitope-matched humanization is the decisive allele for checkpoint pharmacology and biomarker work, whereas conditional deletion with tumor cell, dendritic cell, or endothelial Cre resolves which compartment enforces suppression.
A conventional Cd274 knockout removes gene function in all cells that inherit the allele. It is a proven first pass for target validation when redundancy is low.
What Cd274 Knockout mouse models are available?
ingenious targeting laboratory offers 2 distinct Cd274 (PD-L1) knockout catalog mouse models. Researchers can order pre-developed catalog lines or request a custom mouse model, including humanized, knockin, and transgenic variations with verified germline transmission.
Designing a Cd274 Knockout allele
Whole-body loss is viable and gives a clean upper bound on what ligand blockade can achieve, which makes it the correct specificity control for atezolizumab-class reagents in humanized crosses. Two design facts matter. First, PD-L2 remains and engages PD-1 with higher affinity, so a single null underestimates the pathway; a true pathway null requires removing Pdcd1lg2 as well, and because the two genes sit adjacent on the same chromosome you cannot obtain the double mutant by intercrossing independently derived lines, you must target both in cis. Second, phenotypes are provocation dependent: unchallenged animals look normal, whereas experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis is worse, NOD diabetes accelerates, and hepatic and islet CD8 tolerance fails. Endpoints should therefore include a defined challenge, with antigen-specific CD8 expansion and cytokine production, target organ histology, and transplantable tumor growth measured against antibody blockade in wild-type hosts.
A conventional knockout answers whether the gene is required broadly. When your target tissue is the organ of interest, a global null can still be informative if viability is acceptable and you want the simplest genotype. If the null is harsh, a floxed allele with a regional Cre is the safer long term platform.
Pricing and quotes
The Cd274 Knockout lines listed above are catalog models. Send us the catalog number and our team confirms current availability, pricing, and whether the line ships cryopreserved or live.
If your study needs a Cd274 allele configuration that is not listed above, our scientific team designs and generates it. Model generation quotes return in about twenty four hours with project milestones and pricing.
FAQ
What Cd274 Knockout mouse models are available?
When Cd274 Knockout lines are in catalog, we ship from inventory. If your configuration is not listed, we design the allele to order. Common paths include conditional knockout, constitutive knockout, humanized, knockin, and transgenic options, with documented germline transmission and United States QC.
Is Cd274 knockout embryonic lethal in mice?
It depends on background and allele design. Some Cd274 germline knockouts are viable. Others need conditional alleles or mixed backgrounds. We review publications and our own experience, then recommend floxed versus null before you commit.
Which Cre driver is best for experiments?
Driver choice depends on onset timing, recombination efficiency, and known leak. We map your organ and cell type to a short list of proven Cre lines, then talk through reporter crosses and controls. We favor drivers with strong community validation for your tissue.
Do you ship live Cd274 animals?
When catalog lines are live, we ship with health certificates and QC documentation. If your exact combo is not listed, we quote a generation project with cryo or live dispatch depending on cohort timing and geography.
How do I request a quote for Cd274?
Use the catalog inquire buttons or the request quote form. Include your allele goal, Cre plan if any, strain background, and cohort size. A PhD led team responds with pricing, milestones, and the fastest path to experimental animals.